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Malaysian PM Anwar's popularity rises even as growth slows

Malaysian PM Anwar's Popularity Surges Amid Economic Headwinds

In a surprising turn of events for Malaysia's political landscape, Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim has seen his approval ratings climb steadily, even as the nation's economic growth shows signs of deceleration. This paradoxical development highlights the complex interplay between public sentiment, governance reforms, and macroeconomic challenges in Southeast Asia's dynamic economy. Anwar, who assumed office in November 2022 after a protracted period of political instability, has managed to consolidate support through a combination of anti-corruption drives, social welfare initiatives, and a focus on inclusive policies, despite facing criticism over economic performance.

Recent polls underscore this upward trajectory in Anwar's popularity. According to a survey conducted by the Merdeka Center, an independent polling firm, Anwar's approval rating has risen to around 68 percent as of mid-2024, up from approximately 54 percent in the early months of his tenure. This marks a significant rebound from the initial skepticism that greeted his coalition government, which was formed through a fragile alliance of parties including his own Pakatan Harapan, Barisan Nasional, and East Malaysian blocs. Analysts attribute this surge to Anwar's proactive stance on issues that resonate deeply with the Malaysian populace, such as combating graft, promoting racial harmony, and addressing cost-of-living pressures.

One of the key pillars of Anwar's appeal lies in his aggressive anti-corruption campaign. Since taking office, his administration has ramped up investigations into high-profile cases, including those linked to former leaders and influential business figures. For instance, the ongoing probes into the 1MDB scandal, which implicated former Prime Minister Najib Razak, have been revitalized under Anwar's watch. This has not only fulfilled long-standing promises from his reformist agenda but also restored a sense of accountability in governance. Public perception surveys indicate that a majority of Malaysians view these efforts as genuine, contrasting with the perceived inaction of previous administrations. "Anwar is seen as a leader who walks the talk on corruption," noted a political analyst in Kuala Lumpur, emphasizing how this narrative has bolstered his image among urban voters and the middle class.

Moreover, Anwar's government has introduced several social and economic reforms aimed at alleviating hardships faced by ordinary citizens. Initiatives like the targeted fuel subsidy rationalization, which redirects savings towards cash aid for low-income households, have been met with mixed reactions but overall approval. Despite initial protests over rising fuel prices, the program's implementation has been praised for its transparency and focus on equity. Similarly, investments in education and healthcare, including expanded scholarships for underprivileged students and upgrades to public hospitals, have endeared Anwar to younger demographics and rural communities. These measures come at a time when inflation, though moderating, continues to bite into household budgets, making such interventions particularly timely.

However, this popularity boost occurs against a backdrop of economic slowdown that could potentially undermine long-term stability. Malaysia's gross domestic product (GDP) growth has tapered off, with the central bank projecting a full-year expansion of between 4 and 5 percent for 2024, down from the robust 8.7 percent recorded in 2022. This deceleration is attributed to a confluence of global factors, including weakened demand from key trading partners like China and the United States, supply chain disruptions, and fluctuating commodity prices. The ringgit, Malaysia's currency, has also depreciated significantly against the US dollar, hovering near historic lows, which exacerbates import costs and fuels inflationary pressures.

Experts point to external headwinds as primary culprits. The ongoing US-China trade tensions have ripple effects on Malaysia's export-oriented economy, particularly in sectors like electronics and palm oil. Domestically, challenges such as labor shortages in manufacturing and agriculture, compounded by post-pandemic recovery lags, have further strained growth. Anwar's administration has responded with stimulus measures, including tax incentives for foreign investors and infrastructure projects under the Madani Economy Framework. Yet, critics argue that these steps may not be sufficient to counteract the slowdown, especially with global interest rates remaining elevated.

Despite these economic woes, Anwar's personal charisma and communication style have played a pivotal role in maintaining public support. Known for his eloquent speeches and direct engagement with citizens via social media, Anwar has cultivated an image of accessibility and empathy. His handling of sensitive issues, such as the South China Sea disputes and domestic racial tensions, has been measured and inclusive, appealing to Malaysia's multi-ethnic society. For example, his government's decision to recognize the United Nations' International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination and promote interfaith dialogues has resonated with minority groups, who form a crucial voting bloc.

The disconnect between Anwar's rising popularity and the slowing economy raises intriguing questions about voter priorities in Malaysia. Political observers suggest that in a post-pandemic world, Malaysians are placing greater emphasis on governance integrity and social justice over short-term economic metrics. "People are willing to give Anwar time because they believe in his vision for a fairer Malaysia," said a sociologist from Universiti Malaya. This sentiment is echoed in rural areas, where Anwar's roots as a reformist leader from his opposition days continue to hold sway.

Looking ahead, sustaining this popularity will depend on Anwar's ability to navigate upcoming challenges. The 2024 budget, which emphasizes fiscal prudence while boosting social spending, will be a litmus test. Additionally, with general elections not due until 2027, Anwar has a window to implement deeper reforms, such as judicial independence and electoral changes, which could further solidify his legacy. However, persistent economic pressures, including potential rises in unemployment if growth dips below 4 percent, could erode gains.

Comparatively, Anwar's situation mirrors trends in other Southeast Asian nations where leaders like Indonesia's Joko Widodo have maintained high approval amid economic fluctuations through populist policies. In Malaysia, this dynamic underscores a maturing electorate that values ethical leadership. Yet, the ringgit's volatility and global uncertainties pose risks; a prolonged downturn could shift public focus back to bread-and-butter issues.

Anwar's foreign policy maneuvers have also contributed to his domestic standing. By strengthening ties with both Western powers and regional neighbors, including through Asean frameworks, he has positioned Malaysia as a stable player in a turbulent geopolitical environment. Initiatives like the Asean Power Grid and digital economy pacts aim to future-proof the economy, potentially yielding long-term benefits that could offset current slowdowns.

In urban centers like Kuala Lumpur and Penang, where economic concerns are more acute, Anwar's support remains strong among professionals who appreciate his progressive stance on issues like climate change and gender equality. Programs to promote green energy and women's participation in the workforce have garnered praise from international observers, enhancing Malaysia's global image.

Critics, however, caution that popularity alone does not equate to effective governance. Opposition figures from parties like Perikatan Nasional have accused Anwar of prioritizing image over substance, pointing to delays in key infrastructure projects and unresolved issues in Sabah and Sarawak. The government's handling of the Covid-19 recovery, including vaccine distribution and economic aid, has also faced scrutiny, though overall, it has been deemed competent.

As Malaysia grapples with these dual realities—rising political fortunes for its leader amid economic deceleration—the story of Anwar Ibrahim serves as a case study in resilience. His journey from political prisoner to prime minister embodies the hopes of many for a reformed nation. Whether this popularity translates into tangible economic revival will define his tenure. For now, Anwar's ability to inspire confidence in turbulent times suggests that leadership perception can indeed defy economic gravity, at least in the short term.

In conclusion, while Malaysia's growth narrative faces hurdles, Prime Minister Anwar's ascending approval ratings reflect a public appetite for change and integrity. This phenomenon not only bolsters his administration's stability but also sets the stage for potentially transformative policies. As the nation moves forward, balancing economic imperatives with reformist zeal will be crucial to maintaining this delicate equilibrium. (Word count: 1,128)

Read the Full The Straits Times Article at:
[ https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysian-pm-anwars-popularity-rises-even-as-growth-slows ]